Iso Iec 14443 Type A And B
A defaced FeliCa card, revealing its internal circuitryFeliCa's key is dynamically generated each time mutual is performed, preventing fraud such as impersonation.FeliCa is externally powered, i.e. It does not need a battery to operate. The card uses power supplied from the special FeliCa card reader when the card comes in range. When the data transfer is complete, the reader will stop the supply of power.FeliCa was proposed for Type C but was rejected.
Driver downloader. The printer is a really reliable digital copier machine which could print professional-quality files and documents for the place of work usage with dual-sided printing, copying, and scanning technology.The Brother DCP-8065DN also includes Ethernet networking connectivity that will assist users in scanning and copying multiple documents and files from many kind of devices and is yet another stand-alone copier for workplace usage for immediate direct copying. The printer machine can also give outstanding copy and print quality outputs with fast copy and print speed.
Howeveruses some similar modulation methods. It uses at 212 kbit/s in the 13.56 MHz range. A proximity of 10 centimeters or less is required for communication.FeliCa complies with JIS: X6319-4: Specification of implementation for integrated circuit(s) cards - Part 4: High speed proximity cards. The standard is regulated by (Japan IC Card System Application Council).The provides more detail as to the internal architecture of the FeliCa card (RC-S860 ). FeliCa IC card (hardware) and its operating system has obtained ISO15408 4 (“ EAL4”), a standard which indicates the security level of information technology and consumer products.FeliCa is also included as a condition of the NFC Forum Specification Compliance.The next generation of FeliCa IC chip announced in June 2011 will have enhanced security adopting the (AES) encryption.
Sony claims the next generation chip will have a higher performance, reliability and lower power consumption. Reliability FeliCa supports simultaneous access of up to 8 blocks (1 block is 16 ). If an IC card is moved outside of the power-supplied area during the session, the FeliCa card automatically discards incomplete data to restore the previous state.Mobile FeliCa Mobile FeliCa is a modification of FeliCa for use in mobile phones by, a subsidiary company of both. DoCoMo has developed a concept based on Mobile FeliCa and has developed a wide network of partnerships and business models. And SoftBank (former ) have also licensed mobile FeliCa from FeliCa Networks.The ( おサイフケータイ) system (literal translation: 'wallet-phone') was developed by NTT DoCoMo, and introduced in July 2004 and later licensed to Vodafone and au, which introduced the product in their own mobile phone ranges under the same name. Using Osaifu-Keitai, multiple FeliCa systems (such as Suica and Edy) can be accessed from a single mobile phone.
On January 28, 2006, au introduced which is used primarily on the railway networks owned by.On September 7, 2016, Apple announced now features FeliCa technology. Users who purchased or in Japan can now add Suica cards into their Apple Pay wallets and tap their devices just like regular Suica cards. Users can either transfer the balance from a physical Suica card to the Apple Pay wallet, or create a virtual Suica card in the wallet from the application. On September 12, 2017, Apple announced new, and models featuring 'Global FeliCa', i.e. NFC-F and licensed FeliCa middleware incorporated in all devices sold worldwide, not just ones sold in Japan.On October 9, 2018, Google quietly announced that its latest device, the Pixel 3, would support FeliCa in models purchased in Japan. This feature enables support for WAON, SuiCa, and various other FeliCa-based services through.Consumer reader/writer devices. Sony 'PaSoRi' RC-S320 Contactless IC Card Reader/WriterSony has built a FeliCa reader/writer known as 'FeliCa Port' into their PC line.
Using the device, FeliCa cards can be used over the Internet for shopping and charging FeliCa cards.An external USB FeliCa PC reader/writer has been released as well, called. It is USB powered and allows one to perform online transactions and top up cards in Singapore with or anywhere, as long as there is direct access to the Internet.The Sony PaSoRi Reader is not compatible with the new ez-link cards. Card usage.
2011-05-27 at the. Retrieved on 2013-08-16. Japantoday.com (2011-06-22). Retrieved on 2013-08-16.
Retrieved on 2013-08-16. Retrieved 2016-09-07. Retrieved 2017-07-27.
Iso/iec 14443-3:2018
Retrieved 2016-09-07. Retrieved 2017-09-18. EZ-Link Pte Ltd.
Archived from on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2014. Retrieved on 2013-08-16. 2015-02-06 at the.
Iso/iec 15693
KAI Commuter Jabodetabek. Retrieved 2015-02-06. Indosat Ooredoo. Retrieved 2015-08-13). 2010-07-06 at the. Retrieved on 2013-08-16.External links.
What is RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification)?RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) was one of the first forms of contactless technology and is still in widespread use today. RFID can be thought of as a modern version of the barcode technology which can be found on virtually any product today.Similar to a barcode, an RFID tag is attached to the object to be identified and then a reader device (also known as an interrogator device) is used to read the contents of the tag. Depending on the type of tag used, the read distance (the distance between the reader and the tag) can be up to 100 m. Communication with the RFID is usually one way, which means that the reader can only read from the tag and is not able to modify its electronic content.An RFID tag consists of a radio frequency transceiver (transmitter and receiver), an antenna and electronic circuitry to store the tag’s content. The information stored on a tag can either be pre-assigned by the manufacturer (such as an identification number) or it can be programmed by the user to provide custom information. An RFID reader transmits an encoded radio signal and when a tag is within read distance, it will respond by transmitting its contents to the reader.There are two main types of RFID tags available – passive and active. The main difference between passive and active tags is the way that they are powered.
Active RFID tags use an internal power source (battery) to power the tags continuously. Passive RFID tags don’t use an internal power source, but rather rely on the electromagnetic energy emitted from the reader device. A consequence of passive tags having to rely on the electromagnetic energy from the reader device, is that the read distance with such a tag is much shorter than for active tags.In addition to active and passive tags, there is also a sort of hybrid tag available, called a BAP(Battery Assisted Passive) tag. A BAP tag has a small internal battery but does not continuously power the tag, as with an active tag. The BAP tag will only switch on when it detects the electromagnetic field radiated from a reader device, thus saving battery power when a reader is not present.
The advantage of a BAP tag is that, since it has an internal battery, it can transmit its data over a larger distance, which means it has a larger read distance than a standard passive tag. What is NFC (Near Field Communication)?NFC (Near-Field Communication) expands on RFID to allow for two way communication as well as higher data transfer rates (up to 424 kbit/s), at the cost of a much shorter read distance of approximately 10 cm.Current NFC applications range from data exchange, access control, contactless transactions and automated setup of more advanced communication systems, such as Bluetooth or WiFi. Although NFC is a two-way communication technology, it is also compatible with one-way readable RFID tags operating at the same frequency.Contactless payment cards are available from various financial institutions.
They are used in almost exactly the same way as the traditional magnetic stripe or pin-chip credit or debit card. The only difference is that, instead of swiping or inserting the card into a reader, the tag is simply brought into close proximity.Many new mobile phones have built-in NFC capability, which allows them to be used in contactless payments. This allows for mobile phones to replace the traditional magnetic stripe or pin-chip payment cards.As NFC is limited to a maximum data transfer rate of 424 kbit/s, it is sub-optimal to use the NFCconnection to transfer large amounts of data. Mobile phone manufacturers therefore have implemented systems that use NFC automatically to set up a faster and higher bandwidth communication protocol, such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. The actual data is then transferred using one of these higher speed communication links. StandardsVarious international standards have been developed to define different forms of contactless technology for various applications.
This section will describe some of the more widely used standards. ISO 11784 & 11785 & 14223The ISO 11784 & 11785 standards are international standards regulating the use of RFID in the identification of animals.The RFID tag is usually implanted just under the animal’s skin. It is then possible to identify and track a specific animal as long as it is in range of an RFID reader device. RFID tags used for tracking animals are usually passive devices. The tag will wait for an interrogation signal from anRFID reader to power it and will then transmit a bitstream to the reader.
The bitstream consists of an identification code, as well as some error correction bits, which ensure that the identification code was not modified during transmission and is in fact correct. The ISO 11784 standard specifies the structure of the identification code, while the ISO 11785 standard specifies the transmission protocol between the transceiver and transponder using low frequency (134.2 kHz)RFID tags. Two different schemes are defined below:ProtocolFull DuplexHalf DuplexModulationASKFSKFrequency129.0 – 133.2 kHz135.2 – 139.4 kHz124.2 kHz for 1 bit134.2 kHz for 0 bitChannel codeDBP–The ISO 14223 standard expands on the ISO 11784 & 11785 standards to include specifications for more advanced RFID tags/transponders, with more memory. In addition to the transmission of the identification code as in ISO 11784 & 11785, the ISO 14223 standard describes advanced management functions to access and control the additional memory. It is, for instance, possible to use the RFID tag to read back data from sensors.It should be noted that ISO 14223 is fully backwards compatible with ISO 11784 & 11785. It is therefore possible to read an ISO 5 tag with an ISO 14223 reader as well as to read an ISO 14223 tag with an ISO 5 reader. ISO/IEC 14443The ISO/IEC 14443 standard is an international standard technically defining proximity cards and the protocol used to communicate with such a card.This is the most popular RFID standard and is used in implementations such as MIFARE cards, Calypso electronic ticketing system, Biometric passports, EMV payment cards (PayPass, payWave, ExpressPay), German identity cards, etc.
This standard uses the terms PCD (Proximity Coupling Device) and PICC (Proximity Integrated Circuit Card) for the reader and tag devices respectively.The ISO/IEC 14443 standard consists of four parts, each describing a different aspect of the proximity card and its use. The four parts are as follows:. Part 1: Physical characteristics.
Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface. Part 3: Initialisation and anti-collision. Part 4: Transmission protocolThe standard specifies two types of cards, namely Type A and Type B. Both types use the same carrier frequency but use different modulation and encoding schemes.